Kepatuhan Prosedur dan Iklim Keselamatan di Ketinggian: Kasus pada Pekerjaan Konstruksi
Abstract
Abstrak
Latar Belakang : Bekerja di ketinggian menjadi penyumbang terbesar kecelakaan kerja di Indonesia hingga mencapai 38% dari jumlah total kasus kecelakaan kerja. Dalam mengurangi risiko jatuh dari ketinggian dapat dilakukan dengan mematuhi standar operasional prosedur (SOP) sebagai salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan adalah iklim keselamatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara iklim keselamatan dan kepatuhan pekerja terhadap prosedur operasional standar (SOP) di ketinggian.
Metode: Studi kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain Cross-sectional. Sampel sebanyak 92 karyawan dipilih melalui teknik consecutive sampling yang terlibat dalam proyek pembangunan The Park Mall Sawangan. Variabel bebas iklim keselamatan diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner NOSACQ-50, variabel terikat kepatuhan diperoleh melalui wawancara kuesioner dan observasi. Dimensi iklim keselamatan yang paling mempengaruhi kepatuhan SOP pada pekerjaan di ketinggian diidentifikasi dengan menggunakan analisis multivariat regresi logistik berganda.
Hasil: Proporsi pekerja yang patuh terhadap SOP bekerja di ketinggian sebesar 58,7%, dan sebagian besar dimensi iklim keselamatan masuk dalam kategori cukup rendah. Pekerja yang memiliki persepsi yang baik tentang prioritas keselamatan pekerja dan risiko keselamatan yang tidak dapat diterima memiliki 2,51 kali lebih tinggi untuk memenuhi SOP (95%CI=1,00-6,24) dibandingkan dengan pekerja yang memiliki persepsi cukup.
Kesimpulan: Manajemen diharapkan dapat meningkatkan prioritas keselamatan dan komitmen keselamatan melalui perencanaan sistem manajemen keselamatan yang lebih matang, yang mencakup strategi peningkatan kepatuhan pekerja terhadap prosedur kerja.
Kata kunci : Bekerja di ketinggian, Iklim keselamatan, Kepatuhan
Abstract
Background: Working at height is the largest contributor to work accidents in Indonesia, reaching 38% of the total number of work accident cases. Reducing the risk of falling from a height can be done by complying with standard operating procedures (SOP) where one of the factors that influences compliance is the safety climate. This research aims to determine the relationship between safety climate and worker compliance with standard operating procedures (SOP) at height.
Methods: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. A sample of 92 employees was selected using a consecutive sampling technique who were involved in the Sawangan Park Mall development project. The independent variable safety climate was obtained using the NOSACQ-50 questionnaire, the dependent variable compliance was obtained through questionnaire interviews and observation. The safety climate dimensions that most influence SOP compliance for work at height were identified using multiple logistic regression multivariate analysis.
Result: The proportion of workers who comply with the SOPs for working at heigths is 58,7%, and most dimensions of the safety climate are in the quite low category. Workers who have a good perception of worker safety priorities and unacceptable safety risks are 2.51 times more likely to comply with SOPs (95%CI=1.00-6.24) compared to workers who have a fair perception.
Conclusion: Management is expected to increase safety priorities and safety commitment through planning a more mature safety management system, which includes strategies for increasing worker compliance with work procedures.
Keywords: Compliance, Safety climate, Working at height
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