A Cross-Sectional Study on the Risk Factors of Overnutrition Status among Junior High School Students

Dyah Ayuningtyas; Firlia Ayu Arini; A'immatul Fauziyah; Nanang Nasrulloh

Dyah Ayuningtyas Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, UPNVJ Campus II. Limo Street, Limo, Depok, West Java, Indonesia 16514
Firlia Ayu Arini Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, UPNVJ Campus II. Limo Street, Limo, Depok, West Java, Indonesia 16514
A'immatul Fauziyah Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, UPNVJ Campus II. Limo Street, Limo, Depok, West Java, Indonesia 16514
Nanang Nasrulloh Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, UPNVJ Campus II. Limo Street, Limo, Depok, West Java, Indonesia 16514

Keywords: Adolescents, Overnutrition, Physical activity, Sleep duration, Ultra-processed foods consumption

Abstract

Abstract

Overweight among adolescents is a growing concern, with prevalence rising annually. In Indonesia, the rate among adolescents aged 13–15 has increased by 5.2%, and Bekasi Regency ranks fourth in West Java for the highest prevalence. Shifts in diet and lifestyle factors have contributed to the increasing incidence of overweight in this population. This study aims to examine the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, physical activity, and sleep duration with overweight status among adolescents at SMPN 1 Tambun Selatan. This study used an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 160 seventh- and eighth-grade students at SMPN 1 Tambun Selatan, with 113 respondents selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected via anthropometric measurements and self-administered questionnaires. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square statistical test. Univariate analysis found that 28.3% of students were overnourished. However, bivariate analysis revealed no significant associations between UPF consumption and overweight status (p = 0.270), physical activity and overweight status (p = 0.306), or sleep duration and overweight status (p = 0.771). The findings suggest that UPF consumption, physical activity, and sleep duration are not significantly linked to overweight status among adolescents at SMPN 1 Tambun Selatan. Given the high prevalence of overnutrition, it is recommended that adolescents adopt healthier dietary and lifestyle habits to reduce the growing trend of overweight and obesity.

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