Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hypertension among Adolescents in Peri-Urban Areas

2025-06-25T15:47:59+07:00

Background: Hypertension in adolescents is becoming an increasingly important health issue because it can continue into adulthood and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension and to analyze the related factors in adolescents in peri-urban areas.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design conducted in October 2023 on 40 Christian Junior High School 4 Mebung students in Alor Regency. The sample selection was purposive, with inclusion criteria of 13–16 years old. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, interviews, and blood pressure measurements. Blood pressure was measured three times to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. Data analysis included univariate analysis to describe the characteristics of the respondents and chi-square test to assess the relationship between independent variables (sodium intake, physical activity, parental history of hypertension, sleep duration, sleep quality, and stress) with hypertension status.

Results: Pre-hypertension prevalence was 30%, and hypertension was 20%. Three factors showed a significant relationship with hypertension: a history of hypertension in the father (p-value = 0.038), high sodium intake (p-value = 0.002), and sleep duration of less than 8 hours (p-value = 0.001). Other factors, such as a history of hypertension in the mother, physical activity, sleep disorders, and stress, did not show a significant relationship.

Conclusion: Hypertension in adolescents in peri-urban areas is related to genetic factors and lifestyle behavior. Prevention efforts need to be focused on low-sodium nutritional education, adequate sleep management, and routine blood pressure screening in schools.

Relationship between Exposure to Solid Waste and Dengue Incidence in Communities Surrounding Bakung Landfill Bandar Lampung

2025-06-20T19:54:17+07:00

Abstract

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, including Bandar Lampung City. Environmental factors, such as poorly managed landfills, are suspected to contribute to the increase in dengue cases by creating conditions supporting the breeding of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, particularly through stagnant water formed among unmanaged waste piles. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between exposure to solid waste (household waste, non-hazardous industrial waste, and construction waste) around the Bakung landfill and the incidence of dengue fever in the surrounding community.
Method: Cross-sectional design was conducted in February 2024 in 200 households within a 500-meter radius of the Bakung landfill, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, interviews, and environmental condition observations. Statistical analysis used chi-square tests and logistic regression to determine relationships and main risk factors.
Result: research results show that there was a significant relationship between solid waste exposure and the incidence of dengue fever (p=0.019), with communities exposed to solid waste (household waste, non-hazardous industrial waste, and construction waste) having a 3 times greater risk of contracting dengue fever compared to those not exposed (OR=3.01; p=0.013). In addition, the habit of maintaining environmental cleanliness was also significantly associated with the incidence of dengue fever (p=0.027). The community with good cleanliness habits has a lower risk of contracting dengue fever (OR = 0.43; p = 0.029).
Conclusion: This study emphasizes that poor waste management and low environmental hygiene increase DHF cases. Therefore, efforts to improve waste management in Bakung landfill, community education related to sanitation, and government intervention in disease vector control are needed to reduce the incidence of DHF in the area.

Determinants of Antiretroviral Therapy Success in HIV/AIDS Patients

2025-06-25T15:47:01+07:00

Background: HIV/AIDS is still an important public health issue globally and Antiretroviral therapy (ART), considered as a foundation for the disease care. Succeeding in viral load suppression is very important for successful ART treatment although other factors get involved in this. Objectives The present study is to determine the factors of negative outcome for ART (non- success) based on patient viral suppression in HIV/AIDS, Bekasi district Indonesia.

Method: Secondary data from HIV/AIDS Information System (SIHA) at Bekasi District Health Office were extracted with cross-sectional study that involved from January 2023 to September 2024. Patients on ART (n=811). We analyzed data with STATA version 17, performed univariable and bivariable analyses to identify factors associated with viral load suppression

Results: Viral load suppression (≤50 copies/ml) was achieved by most patients (87.3%). High adherence (PR Adjusted: 5.27; p=0.000), clinical severity stage (PRA:2.52; p=0.000) and use of TLD regimen (PR Adjusted: ); p= 0.001) were significant predictors of unsuppressed viral load. Suppression rates were better in patients with HIV-negative or unreported status partners (PR Adjusted: 0.78; p=0.004).

Conclusion: ART success in Bekasi District is dependent on appointment adherence, clinical stage, ARV regimens and partner is on HIV post- treatment, particularly relevant for national and global HIV/AIDS control strategies in terms of increasing the adherence at same time early initiation of ART as well individualized ARV regimens.

Enhancing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Motivation in Stunting Prevention by Community-Based Education

2025-06-20T19:53:34+07:00

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a global public health problem that can impair children's physical and cognitive development. In Indonesia, although the prevalence of stunting has decreased, it is still relatively high. Adolescents, especially adolescent girls, play an essential role in stunting prevention, as their knowledge, attitudes, and motivation can influence the health of future generations. Community-based education, such as Karang Taruna youth groups at the village or kelurahan level, using audiovisual media, is considered adequate for increasing adolescents' understanding and awareness of stunting.
Method: This study used a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample was 33 adolescents in Sumberan Hamlet, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The intervention was stunting prevention education using audiovisual media delivered in one one-hour session in October 2024. Data were collected through questionnaires to measure knowledge, attitudes, and motivation which were standardized and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.
Result: This study showed a significant increase in adolescents' knowledge with a mean difference between pre-test and post-test of 9.26 (p=0.001) and in attitude with a mean difference of 2.33 (p=0.003) after the intervention. However, adolescents' motivation did not increase significantly, with a mean difference between pre-test and post-test of only 0.70 (p=0.274).
Conclusion: Community-based education using audiovisual media effectively improves adolescents' knowledge and attitudes about stunting.

Risk Factors for Prediabetes among Women of Childbearing Age in DKI Jakarta (Analysis of SISKOHATKES Data 2023)

2025-06-25T23:23:45+07:00

Abstract

Background: Prediabetes in women of childbearing age (15—49 years) is a serious health issue that can affect fertility, pregnancy, and long-term health. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the incidence of prediabetes among the Hajj pilgrims in DKI Jakarta.
Method: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Integrated Hajj Health Information System (Siskohatkes) 2023, with a minimum sample size of 976. The study used Cox Regression analysis to determine the Prevalence Ratio (PR) and assess the association between independent and dependent variables at the multivariate level.
Result: In 2023, the prevalence of prediabetes among women of reproductive age in the Hajj pilgrim’s population in DKI Jakarta was 29.4%. Multivariate analysis indicated that High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (Adjusted PR=1.33; 95%CI=1.00—1.78), triglycerides (Adjusted PR=1.38; 95%CI=1.08—1.77), and employment status (Adjusted PR=2.25; 95%CI=1.06—4.75) were associated with the incidence of prediabetes in this population.
Conclusion: These results underscore the necessity for special attention to risk factors such as HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and job status in the prevention and management of prediabetes among women of childbearing age, particularly within the hajj pilgrim community.

Urban Heat Islands, Rising Temperatures, and Their Impacts on Global Public Health: A Narrative Review

2025-06-25T23:09:56+07:00

Background: The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon, caused by rapid urbanization and changes in surface characteristics, significantly impacts public health, particularly in densely populated urban areas. UHI leads to higher temperatures in urban regions compared to rural areas, especially during heatwaves, which are further exacerbated by climate change.

Method: The method employed in this systematic review involves utilizing secondary data from articles published in international journals. The search was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed, focusing on articles from the last five years (2020-2024).

Results: This review identified 20 relevant articles highlighting various health issues related to UHI, including cardiovascular disorders, respiratory problems, mental health issues, and increased mortality rates, particularly among the elderly and populations with pre-existing health conditions.

Conclusion: These findings emphasize the urgent need for urban planning strategies to mitigate UHI effects, such as increasing green spaces and improving urban infrastructure to protect public health.

Keywords: Public health, Temperature increase, Urban heat island.