Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Influence of Work Duration on Helminthiasis in Pig Farmers in Tabanan

Sri Idayani — 2025-11-21

Background: Helminthiasis is a group of diseases caused by parasitic worms that remains a persistent public health challenge in Indonesia, with the heaviest burden borne by agricultural communities. Due to frequent exposure to contaminated environments, pig farming poses a high risk for parasitic infection, including those caused by nematodes.

Methods: A cross-sectional performed in 30 pig farmers from Bongan Village, Tabanan. Data were collected through laboratory examination of fecal samples and structured interviews using questionnaires. A descriptive analysis was conducted, followed by Fisher's Exact Test to assess the association between work duration and helminthiasis.

Result: Proportion of helminthiasis was 10% (3 of 30 respondents). Three respondents tested positive for helminthiasis (two respondents tested positive for the eggs of Taenia Sp, one respondent tested positive for the eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides). The result of bivariate analysis showed an increased risk of helminthiasis in the group with more than 35 years of work duration (POR: 16.1; 95% CI: 1.8—145.3, p-value: 0.032) compared with those with 35 years or less. Fisher's Exact Test indicated a statistically significant association between work duration and helminthiasis.

Conclusion: Proportion of helminthiasis was 10%. Two respondents tested positive for the eggs of Taenia Sp, one respondent tested positive for the eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides. The result showed an increased risk of helminthiasis in the group with more than 35 years of work duration compared with those with 35 years or less. Fisher's Exact Test indicated a statistically significant association between work duration and helminthiasis.

The Quality of Life Related to Oral Health Among The Elderly Based on Pathological Lesions in Soft Tissues

Nurfianti Nurfianti — 2025-11-21

Background: Oral health plays an important role in overall health and quality of life among the elderly. The presence of soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity, particularly in this vulnerable population, warrants attention due to its potential association with systemic health conditions and overall quality of life. Maintaining a high quality of life is crucial, as it is closely linked to health status, life satisfaction, and overall well-being. This study aimed to examine oral health–related quality of life among the elderly, with particular focus on the presence of pathological soft tissue lesions.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection included demographic information, administration of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire, and comprehensive intraoral examinations to identify pathological lesions. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare quality-of-life scores between elderly individuals with and without pathological lesions.

Results: Among the 94 subjects examined, 36 were found to have pathological lesions, while none of the 58 (p=0.024, p<0.05) showed a difference in the quality of life between elderly individuals with and without pathological lesions.

Conclusion: There is a significant difference in oral health–related quality of life among the elderly, which is influenced by the presence of pathological soft tissue lesions.

Association of Muscle Mass and Fasting Blood Glucose with Vascular Elasticity in Medical Students

Raja Soaloon Purba — 2025-11-21

Background: Low vascular elasticity is one of the key determinants of cardiovascular disease risk. Sedentary lifestyles and high-glucose diets may decrease muscle mass and increase blood glucose levels, potentially reducing vascular elasticity. This study aimed to analyze the relationships among muscle mass, fasting blood glucose levels, and vascular elasticity in medical students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 53 medical students aged 18—22 years using a stratified random sampling technique. Eligible participants were non-smokers, non-alcohol consumers, and had no history of diabetes, hypertension, or the use of medications affecting blood pressure, blood glucose, or cholesterol levels. Muscle mass, fasting blood glucose, and vascular elasticity were measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, capillary blood testing, and an accelerated photoplethysmograph, respectively. Data were analyzed using a Chi-square tests and multivariable Logistic Regression.

Results: There were no significant differences in age, blood pressure, BMI, or eating habits between the suboptimal and normal/optimal vascular elasticity groups (p > 0.05). Multivariable analysis showed that muscle mass was significantly associated with vascular elasticity (p = 0.009; OR = 9.656; CI = 1.757–53.075), after adjustment for fasting blood glucose levels (p = 0.386; OR = 2.329; CI = 0.344–15.776). Participants with higher muscle mass were nearly 10 times more likely to have better vascular elasticity.

Conclusion: Muscle mass is significantly associated with vascular elasticity in young adults, independent of fasting blood glucose levels. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining adequate muscle mass. Promoting muscle mass through healthy lifestyle habits may help preserve vascular elasticity and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Tattooing Practices, Drug Use, and Piercing Associations with Sexually Transmitted Infections among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

Mona Safitri Fatiah — 2025-11-23

Background: Young men who have sex with men in Indonesia face a high vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections. However, evidence on the role of body modification and drug use remains limited. This study examined behavioral correlates of self-reported sexually transmitted infection symptoms.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2018–2019 Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey, a cross-sectional respondent-driven sampling study involving 1,988 men aged 18–24 years across multiple Indonesian cities. Weighted logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios for sexually transmitted infection symptoms in relation to tattooing, piercing, drug use, condom use, HIV prevention knowledge, and sociodemographic factors.

Results: The prevalence of self-reported sexually transmitted infection symptoms was 22.8%. Tattooing, piercing, and drug use were not independently associated with these symptoms after adjustment. In contrast, low human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) prevention knowledge (Adjusted OR = 8.53; 95% CI: 2.38–30.4) and inconsistent condom use (never: Adjusted OR = 32.3; 95% CI: 1.34–775.5; occasional: Adjusted OR = 3.57; 95% CI: 1.12–11.4) showed strong associations.

Conclusion: The primary drivers of sexually transmitted infection symptoms among young men who have sex with men were gaps in HIV prevention knowledge and inconsistent condom use, rather than tattooing, piercing, or drug use. Interventions should prioritize sexual health education, condom promotion, and regulatory oversight for body modification practices.

The Role of the Social Marketing Mix in Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Utilization among Pregnant Women in Banyumas Regency: A Qualitative Study

Arif Kurniawan — 2026-01-12

Background: The utilization of Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) services by pregnant women, particularly antenatal checkups with HIV/AIDS testing, remains low in community health centers (in Indonesian: Puskesmas) in Banyumas Regency. Community health centers in Banyumas Regency have implemented a marketing mix for VCT services, but it is not yet optimal. This study aimed to examine the marketing mix, consisting of promotion, product, price, and location, regarding the utilization of VCT services in Banyumas Regency.

Method: This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach and was conducted in 2018. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation studies. Participants included VCT counselor midwives, pregnant women who used VCT, and heads of community health centers with VCT clinics. Informants were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria to capture diverse perspectives. Six pregnant women served as supporting informants. The validity of the research was checked using source triangulation including core informants and supporting informants. Data were analyzed using manual content analysis, including data preparation, repeated reading, initial coding, code categorization, theme development, interpretation, and presentation of findings.

Results: Community health centers in Banyumas Regency had implemented all four elements of the social marketing mix in promoting VCT services. However, VCT utilization, particularly among pregnant women, remained below expected levels. Among the four elements, promotion, specifically marketing communication activities aimed at informing and persuading the target population, was identified as the least effective component.

Conclusion: This study highlights promotion as the key social marketing element requiring further development to improve the utilization of VCT among pregnant women. Strengthening promotional strategies through the use of audio-visual media may enhance awareness and encourage greater uptake of VCT services in antenatal care settings.

Risk Factors for Dyslipidemia in the Elderly: A Literature Study

Kadek Irma Meriana — 2025-11-21

Background: In Indonesia, the prevalence of dyslipidemia increases from 9.3% in the 25—34 age group to 15.5% in the 55—64 age group. As individuals age, they become more susceptible to degenerative diseases, including dyslipidemia. This susceptibility is associated with the aging process, which involves declining cellular function, reduced immune system efficiency, and elevated blood lipid levels in older adults. This study aimed to identify risk factors for dyslipidemia, particularly among the elderly.

Methods: This study employed a literature review approach following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A total of 40,315 articles were identified using the search keywords “dyslipidemia in the elderly” or “dislipidemia pada lansia.” The inclusion criteria consisted of original research articles that specifically measured cholesterol levels in elderly participants. After screening and eligibility assessment, six articles were identified as relevant to this research objective.

Results: The analysis of the selected studies revealed that risk factors for dyslipidemia in the elderly include menopause, unhealthy lifestyle habits (such as smoking, low physical activity, and poor dietary patterns with low fiber intake), diabetes mellitus, and obesity.

Conclusion: This review identified several risk factors for dyslipidemia in the elderly, including age, gender, menopause, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, diabetes mellitus, and obesity.