Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Environmental, Maternal, and Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Stunting among Under-Five Children in Pangadegan Village, Sumedang Regency: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Andriyani Risma Sanggul, Adhristhi Pramithaswari Firmansyah — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 13:34:04 +0000

Background: Stunting remains a major public health issue reflecting chronic undernutrition during early childhood. In Sumedang Regency, the prevalence of stunting is 27.6%. This study aimed to identify environmental, maternal, and socioeconomic factors associated with stunting among under-five children in Pangadegan Village, Sumedang Regency.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2023 among 170 children aged 5 years or younger. Data were collected through structured interviews and anthropometric measurements. Independent variables included drinking water quality, sewage facilities, maternal hemoglobin level during pregnancy, maternal nutritional status, birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding, infectious diseases, maternal education, and household income. This study performed multivariable analyses to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% condidence intervals (CIs).

Results: The prevalence of stunting was 28.8%. In adjusted analysis, sewage facilities (PR: 3.38; 95% CI: 1.25–11.28), drinking water quality (PR: 3.38%; 95% CI: 1.50–7.60), low maternal hemoglobin during pregnancy (PR: 2.64%; 95% CI: 1.05–6.64), and non-exclusive breastfeding (PR: 2.36%; 95% CI: 1.03–5.38) were significantly associated with stunting.

Conclusions: Environmental sanitation and maternal factors were significantly associated with stunting. Interventions such as improving drinking water quality and sewage facilities, early detection of maternal hemoglobin during pregnancy, and implementing exclusive breastfeeding may support stunting reduction in this setting.

Prevalence and Determinants of Pesticide Poisoning among Farmers in Rural Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Helfi Nolia, Risnawati Tanjung, Defi Ermayendri, Deri Kermelita — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 15:07:24 +0000

Background: Pesticide poisoning is a significant occupational health problem among farmers in developing countries. In Indonesia, 710 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in 2014. In Pematang Raya Village, Simalungun Regency, blood cholinesterase examinations have never been conducted due to high costs, resulting in the absence of prevalence data on pesticide poisoning.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design conducted in Pematang Raya Village, Simalungun Regency, with a total sample of 43 farmers selected using purposive sampling. Blood cholinesterase levels were measured using the Lovibond method, while data on pesticide use behavior were collected through structured interviews. Data presented in frequency and proportion distributions and tested with logistic regression to identify determinant factors.

Results: A total of 27.9% of respondents experienced pesticide poisoning. Factors significantly associated with pesticide poisoning were the use of personal protective equipment (p = 0.000; OR = 13.5), spraying method (p = 0.000; OR = 13.5), and pesticide management (p = 0.000; OR = 90). In multivariable analysis, poor pesticide management remained independently associated with pesticide poisoning (OR = 33.12; p = 0.008).

Conclusions: Reduced cholinesterase activity was observed in more than one-quarter of farmers. Unsafe pesticide management practices were strongly associated with pesticide poisoning. Regular health monitoring and agricultural extension are recommended. As a follow-up, the Smart Farmers for Pesticides Movement (GENTARIDA) was established to promote safe pesticide practices among farmers.

Central Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults Aged 19-64 Years in DKI Jakarta: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Sat, 28 Feb 2026 14:02:27 +0000

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterised by elevated blood sugar levels due to impaired insulin secretion in the body. Central obesity (CO) has been associated with insulin resistance and may contribute to the occurrence of T2DM. This study aimed to analyse the association between CO and T2DM among adults aged 19–64 years in DKI Jakarta.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. A total of 7,432 adults aged 19–64 years residing in DKI Jakarta were included. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between CO and T2DM.

Results: The prevalence of T2DM was 1.8%. CO was significantly associated with T2DM (p=0.001). Adults with CO had higher odds of T2DM compared with those without CO (adjusted POR=7.15; 95% CI: 2.19–23.35). Physical inactivity (adjusted POR=5.26; 95% CI:1.64–16.90), heavy smoking (adjusted POR=2.34; 95% CI: 1.01–5.42), and hypertension
(adjusted POR=3.79; 95% CI: 2.58–5.57) were also independently associated with T2DM. A statistically significant interaction between CO and physical activity was identified.

Conclusion: Central obesity was strongly associated with T2DM among adults aged 19–64 years in DKI Jakarta. These findings underscore the importance of obesity and lifestyle-related factors in the epidemiology of T2DM. It is recommended for individuals to adopt a healthy lifestyle and undergo regular health checks to facilitate the early detection of CO and other health conditions.

Factors Associated with Diabetes Mellitus among Adults Aged ≥ 25 Years in DKI Jakarta: Analysis of the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey

Annisa Ryan Thahara, Dewi Utami Iriani — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 14:15:22 +0000

Background: The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise and is projected to increase significantly by 2045. In Indonesia, DKI Jakarta reports the highest prevalence of DM. This study aimed to examine factors associated with DM among adults aged ≥ 25 years in DKI Jakarta using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, which employed a stratified multistage sampling design. A total of 6,185 respondents aged ≥ 25 years residing in DKI Jakarta were included. Data were collected in 2023 and analysed from January to July 2025. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with DM.

Results: Significant risk factors for DM among adults aged ≥ 25 years in DKI Jakarta included age (OR = 21.994; 95% CI: 13.128–36.851; p-value = 0.000), gender (OR = 1.627; 95% CI: 1.230– 2.151; p-value = 0.001), education (OR = 1.863; 95% CI: 1.195–2.904; p-value = 0.000), depression (OR = 3.709; 95% CI: 1.814–7.584; p-value = 0.000), and
hypertension history (OR = 5.053; 95% CI: 3.833–6.661; p-value = 0.000). Based on multivariable analysis, older age was significantly associated with higher odds of DM (aOR =16.081; 95% CI: 9.244–27.975; p-value = 0.000).

Conclusion: Several sociodemographic and health-related factors were associated with DM among adults in DKI Jakarta. Strengthening diabetes prevention and control efforts through the Posbindu PTM and GERMAS programmes by the DKI Jakarta Health Office is warranted.

Association between Authoritative Parenting Style and Caregiver Stimulation among Preschool-Aged Children in Indonesia

Yuri Nurdiantami, Hilda Meriyandah Agil, Smarika Shrestha, Xiang Li, Tokie Anme — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 15:42:17 +0000

Background: Nurturing care within the home environment is fundamental to early childhood development. Parenting style may influence caregiver-provided stimulation, a key component of nurturing care. This study aimed to examine the association between authoritative parenting style and caregiver stimulation as forms of nurturing care among Indonesian preschool-age children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 among 382 parents of children aged 3 to 6 years enrolled in kindergartens in Jakarta. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires, including the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) and the Index of Child Care Environment (ICCE). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between authoritative parenting style and adequate caregiver stimulation, adjusting for parent working status, parent age, parent gender, and number of children in the household.

Results: The mean age of the children was 60.4 months (SD = 13.87), and 50.5% were boys. The regression analysis showed that an authoritative parenting style was significantly associated with higher odds of sufficient caregiver stimulation (adjusted OR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.40–4.88; p < 0.005).

Conclusions: Authoritative parenting style was positively associated with caregiver stimulation among preschool-aged children in Jakarta. Parents may consider adopting parenting approaches that support optimal early childhood development.